Bahçeşehir University lecturer Mahmut Cinar New Media department as the editor of the book Media and Hate Speech output from the Hrant Dink Foundation. Cinar, “Turkey has a history rooted in the discourse of hatred. This is the biggest offender, the state itself is the largest manufacturer of hate speech itself, “he says.
Prof. Dr.. Fuat Keyman made the presentation of the Ege University lecturer Professor in the book. Dr.. Angels of GOREGENLI, Galatasaray University, Faculty of Communication. Dr.. The attacker Jasmine, Istanbul Bilgi University Faculty of Law Asst. Assoc. Dr.. Contact Karan, Professor of Sociology Department of Istanbul Bilgi University. Dr.. Dig Arus, Çinar, Ankara University Faculty of Communication Assoc. Dr.. Ideals of Doğanay, Tugrul from Ankara University Faculty of Communication with Camu Baskent University, Faculty of Communication. Dr.. Prof. Binark happy and communicator. Dr.. Sevda Alankuş include articles on hate speech.
Hrant Dink Foundation Hate Speech in the Media Monitoring Project of hate speech as a continuation of the curriculum for universities produced by the project, a book of the content of textbooks in the nature of this project.
The book’s editor and the project Cinar Located in Bianet interview on hate speech as follows:
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How did your book?
Foundation in universities hate speech curriculum project mentor text from enthusiasm.Relevant, and hate speech in the introduction, this course is the book you both a lot lately spoken a little of what is unclear on a concept study wanted to get. Let them be right, which we refer nobody turn us back, everyone was very excited. Everyone was very busy, but in spite of that we have prepared this book with a completely voluntary basis.
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Turkish academics all articles …
Yes, all of the articles from Turkey. Although the majority of samples from Turkey, there are examples from around the world. Already this subject already working on this issue has been previously wrote and drew, talked to, who has conducted studies and researches have found the names and areas of expertise according to the texts we wanted.
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Democratization Package is already in the book about it, but on the occasion of the Hrant Dink Foundation’s report as well as hate speech are discussing with. Well, hate speech is, how does it occur?
Which is capable of hate speech, which is hegemonic one way of maintaining their own power. If you ask me any real power to do not talk about. Each power to define itself produces its own discourse, and this discourse itself again, in order to define itself as well as highlighting non-pulls himself forward. Discrimination on the basis of the discourse of hate have this.
Turkey has a history rooted in the discourse of hatred. This is the biggest offender, the state itself is the largest manufacturer of hate speech itself. Only those in power, not to mention I’m talking about power. State / power being political / political power, I’m talking about the concept of being.
Because in fact, on the heritage of a decadent empire enters into the process can redefine your identity. This re-definition, ‘Who am I?’ question to answer for hard times and hard to betonmuşça effort, bringing forth the fact that you do not like, stressing her ‘Look, I actually am, but I’m not that’ processes require. Nationalism in the nation-building process, it is on the basis of religion. Define your priorities are not as self-defining. Or as your unique ID does not make sense to stop there.
‘I’ve spread to age, I’m strong’, tell them a ‘strong’ one ‘weak’ requires a ‘welcoming’, a ‘welcoming’ requires that non-right?
The bigger your identity complex expressions of hatred, you define yourself by denigrating others would be so great at your request.
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Hate speech and political power in the discussion circles close to him, especially Islamophobia underscores. You’ve talked about empowerment, but Turkey’s predominantly Muslim country’s image with a. Then Islam, Islam in this country is not a concept to be able to? Islamophobia in Turkey is it possible?
If both discriminatory rhetoric, as well as discriminatory discourse one step further with a kind of hate speech perceived as a means to maintain power, then we have to believe that Islamophobia in Turkey does not come too rational.
Pressure on religious people in Turkey have felt in a certain period. You have felt the power come by. But still the official discourse in Turkey never has to get out of Sunni Islam.
Turkey’s political as religious people say that in a certain period suffered another thing, another thing to say that the official Islamophobic discourse.
Secular, secular, even with laisist value of the power of discourse, including the removal of Sunni Islam have no time. There are also strategic reasons for this, of course. Turkey is because the majority of religious people.
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So, how hate speech is produced?
The biggest perpetrators of hate speech in the state and the discourse of power. This country’s founders, executive emitted by the will and power and social discourse produced. The most important tool that the media.
Because unfortunately the media in Turkey, as provider, the state is bound by the umbilical cord. Newspapers are issued by the state itself. Removal by the state at the time of the first newspapers began to civilization has suffered the wrath of the state.
Republic was founded already in search of support is very strong and a great power that has created its own media or non-media as it has subdued the Courts in Independence, has tied himself in every way.
It has made all the power. Democratic Party government when it is one of the most severe. For this reason, the mainstream media spokesman of the state itself, doing business on behalf of the state, the state’s interests always in a place that has seen the arms. As such, this discourse of power created by the media has penetrated very easy.
Hate speech is not spread strategically and politically. Hate speech from the family you were born, your school, your environment, and coffee in the street, you encounter a very general and many mainstream discourse, which are byproducts. Therefore, from the moment you were born ‘country folks Sakarya think it is very important to say, you sorgulamazs the reason for this. It is as if you were born this way. So hate speech by people like you and me, often unwittingly spread.
But hate speech creation process is very political. You can find a way to drive a wedge between people. Define much above his own identity outside argues that identities can be very important, and you can put it into the textbooks.
Turkey’s ‘legitimate’ and ‘required’, ‘acceptable’ citizens who want to be is difficult to determine if everyone liked to tell you you can not be citizens. Your name divider, terrorist, reactionary communist released.
This is a result of admissibility, in a way that all of us as we enter into the spiral of silence. Are you not saying anything out of the norm. Because you will not see anything like that in the media. Thus, the rhetoric can internalize and use in everyday language.
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But in Turkey, one of the most heard words’ The Turks are not racist.
If you want to see all the good things in your own identity all its own when it receives your identity can be racist. But you demezs racist because he is a bad thing. This situation is paradoxical, is full of contradictions. It is nonsense anyway. Why Turks, Kurds get more hospitable than? This myth has been created is called.
Hate speech is not the essence of peace, nationalism and racism is a discourse that emerges from it. And this rhetoric settles in everyday language and media language.
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So it’s conclusion, even if the concept itself has now settled into our language, Is there any progress?
Hate speech in Turkey usually power, hegemony, identity crisis at the time of the stronger increases. To maintain a kind of tool. How to tell if you find need to be kept turning him against all hazards that you think can be offensive.
Strengthened the sense that you can focus your country’s opposition to protect your identity when you set up what you are doing is more rigid state. States in the period of the crisis stronger increase of hate speech that is reduced in a relatively peaceful period, but did not see that.
Hrant Dink’s target was shown he was a part of the political process. Had been ordered to the media, ‘This man will show targets’, ‘This guy will be your destination for your heavy discourse’ was called.
Fortunately, in the next year, and I think the Kurdish movement played an important role in this, people become timid in the production of hate speech began. This is thanks to the work of NGOs working on discrimination and hate speech in the media thanks to the slightly tart itself and we should use these words.
Hate speech is not finished, I can not say whether the increase. Will rise again in the event of a new crisis. Preparations began in 2015 nears, extreme right-wing newspaper and started writing in the corner. These crises are trying to take measures into their own hands. They’re also hate speech.
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Hate speech or hate crime legislation may be how to prevent? Democratization of the package is to be explained by laws punishing hate speech is contrary to freedom of expression had been discussed. What should be done in the context of this discussion?
In the world of hate speech and hate crimes accordingly, there are countries where severe punishment. However, hate speech and hate crimes need to distinguish. Crime must be correctly place in the law but not by state power in Turkey is spoken by.
But laws regarding hate speech does not sin for me to suggest a solution. You can create an obstacle to freedom of expression and I do not think it is useful. I’d just get a penalty comes from within an Armenian to blame but do not blame here is another tension emerges.
The way it talks about it from the media to sensitivity training to include more of those who are going through. Be the first to combating discrimination because I think that is an individual struggle.
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Travel in resistance ‘son of a bitch called’ sex workers in resistance when the ‘whores here are resisting’ he said. This method rhetoric about reversing what do you think?
BIA Newsroom education at school talked about it. Theoretical and practical discourse is the area of the fight. If I tell you, the struggle for power tools in the fight against the power tool. Travel is discriminatory, especially in the power of words that you might use, identity, power sahiplenilip be surrounded by the owners found it very meaningful.
Discourse of power is not actually tell a very large lugat. In this case, ‘You can say anything we perceive as blasphemy saying’ nerves are disturbing. On the other hand it is limited lugat stole a few words and you do not leave something to say.
Travel with the resistance came to the fore in social media. Here, too, hate speech were produced. Social media is an increase in hate speech Are you thinking about?
Hate speech is not hate speech generating an increasing number of people. Anonymity gives people such a confidence. Therefore, becoming more aggressive in social media can tell you that there is a serious struggle there. Discourse, with arguments and politics have voiced format would be.
I find it significant because it shows us the image itself. We see what we’re going to fight. Shut up in a place where everyone who is discriminatory, the right to life of those who resemble him think that there would not understand. Through social media we understand it. Unfortunately, hate speech is a powerful medium as a means of reproduction. But we are in a way we can be strong in the face.
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Is it possible to reverse this production?
I’m not too hopeful about the mainstream media. Connected by the umbilical cord to power the media in the hands of capital groups. Therefore the power of rational discourse would think they would come out of the political economy of the media’s liberation but we also have to call outside options.
I think all capital groups and media groups should show sensitivity to this issue. This society, pressure groups, NGOs would be with the force.
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Well, what about education?
Starting from primary school books, starting with the training of teachers can be very effective. First, educators, trainers, students reached through the important way to combat hate speech seeds are discarded. Maybe clergy, opinion leaders can be trained for, given lectures at universities. But the most important change in the media. We are learning everything from the media. That’s why the name of this book Media and Hate Speech.