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The Great Fighters of Greece’s War of Independence 1821 against Ottoman Empire. “Freedom or Death”

March 25, 2018 By administrator

Theodoros Kolokotronis (April 3, 1770 – Feb. 4, 1843) Kolokotronis is the emblematic leader of the Greek revolution (1821–1829) against the Ottoman Empire.

Theodoros Kolokotronis
(April 3, 1770 – Feb. 4, 1843) Kolokotronis is the emblematic leader of the Greek revolution (1821–1829) against the Ottoman Empire.

The Greek War of Independence of 1821 is the stuff of legend, as the outnumbered, poorly armed Greeks fought against an entire empire with a regular army that had conquered a big part of Europe and Asia Minor.

Enslaved for almost four centuries, Greeks said “no more” and launched an attack against the all-powerful Ottoman Empire. “Freedom or Death” was their motto and, indeed, many gave their lives to liberate Greece and establish the modern Greek state.

The heroes were many, but some of their leaders stood out in terms of determination and bravery, contributing greatly to the noble cause and eventual victory.

Theodoros Kolokotronis
(April 3, 1770 – Feb. 4, 1843) Kolokotronis is the emblematic leader of the Greek revolution (1821–1829) against the Ottoman Empire. The Kolokotronis family was at constant war with the Ottomans since the 16th century. From 1762 to 1806, 70 members of the wider Kolokotronis family were killed by the conquerors.

Kolokotronis’ greatest success was the defeat of the Ottoman army under Mahmud Dramali Pasha at the Battle of Dervenakia in 1822. In 1825, he was appointed commander-in-chief of the Greek forces in the Peloponnese. Kolokotronis was born at Ramavouni in Messenia from a family of rebels and grew up in Arcadia in the central Peloponnese. The Kolokotronis clan was powerful and respected in Arcadia in the 18th century.

After the war, Kolokotronis became a supporter of Greece’s first governor, Ioannis Kapodistrias and a proponent of alliance with Russia. When Kapodistrias was assassinated by a clan of Mani landowners on Oct. 8, 1831, Kolokotronis created his own administration in support of Prince Otto of Bavaria as king of Greece. However, he later opposed Otto and on June 7, 1834, he was charged with treason and sentenced to death. He was ultimately pardoned in 1835. Kolokotronis died in 1843 in Athens.

Georgios Karaiskakis
Born Georgios Iskos (Jan. 23, 1780 or Jan. 23, 1782 – April 23, 1827), Karaiskakis was a famous Greek klepht, armatolos and military commander. He was born in a monastery near the village of Mavrommati in the Agrafa mountains. At the age of 15 he formed his first band of klephts. He was agile, cunning, brave and reckless – and rose quickly through the ranks, eventually becoming a lieutenant of the Katsantonis band of thieves.

He was killed in action on his Greek name day, April 23, 1827, fatally wounded by a bullet in a battle in Faliro, with some historians claiming that he was killed with a British bullet for political reasons.

General Yannis Makriyannis
(1797–1864) Born Ioannis Triantaphyllou, he got his nickname from his tall figure (literally Long John in English). He was a Greek merchant, military officer, politician and author, best known today for his memoirs. He joined the Greek uprising after being initiated into the Filiki Eteria secret society and was arrested after he was sent to the Peloponnese in March 1821 to see developments. He was arrested by the Turks and tortured after his mission became known.

During the war, he reached the rank of general and led his men to notable victories. After the war, following Greek independence, he had a tumultuous public career, playing a prominent part in granting the first Constitution to the Kingdom of Greece and was later sentenced to death but pardoned.
Aside from being a source of historical and cultural information on the period, this work has also been called a “monument of Modern Greek literature,” as it is written in pure Demotic Greek. Indeed, its literary quality led Nobel laureate Giorgos Seferis to call Makriyannis one of the greatest masters of Modern Greek prose.

On March 13, 1821 Bouboulina raised on the mast of her ship her own Greek flag, based on the flag of the Comnenus dynasty of Byzantine emperors. Bouboulina sailed with eight ships to Nafplio and began a naval blockade. Later she took part in the naval blockade and capture of Monemvasia and Pylos.

Bouboulina arrived at Tripolis in time to witness its fall on Sept. 11, 1821 and to meet general Theodoros Kolokotronis. Their children, Eleni Boubouli and Panos Kolokotronis, later married. During the ensuing defeat of the Ottoman garrison, Bouboulina saved most of the female members of the Sultan’s household.

By Philip Chrysopoulos,

Source: http://greece.greekreporter.com/2018/03/24/the-great-fighters-of-greeces-war-of-independence/

Filed Under: News Tagged With: 1821, Greece’s War, independence

BREAKING NEWS: Catalonia’s Parliament declared independence,

October 27, 2017 By administrator

BARCELONA, Spain — In a major escalation of Spain’s territorial conflict, Catalan lawmakers approved the region’s independence on Friday, a move that was quickly countered by a vote in the Spanish Senate authorizing the government to take direct control of the fractious region and remove its separatist leadership.

The dueling actions set up a potential showdown over the weekend, as Spain careened into its greatest constitutional crisis since it embraced democracy in 1978.

The Senate voted 214 to 47 to invoke Article 155 of Spain’s Constitution, granting Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy a package of extraordinary powers to suppress Catalonia’s independence drive.

In a speech on Friday before the vote, Mr. Rajoy had said he had “no alternative” because the Catalan leader, Carles Puigdemont, and his separatist cabinet had pursued an illegal and unilateral path that was “contrary to the normal behavior in any democratic country like ours.”

Undeterred by the government’s threat, and after a bitter debate, separatists in the Catalan Parliament passed a resolution to “create a Catalan republic as an independent state.” Lawmakers opposed to independence walked out of the chamber in protest before the vote.

Mr. Puigdemont came close on Thursday to calling early regional elections, but dropped the idea and instead told Catalonia’s Parliament that it would make a decision on independence the next day. He leads a fragile separatist coalition that has 72 of the body’s 135 seats.

During the debate that preceded the vote, Catalan lawmakers traded accusations and in turn described the occasion as “historic” and “happy,” or else “tragic” and a serious violation of Spain’s Constitution.

Addressing the Catalan Parliament in Spanish, Carlos Carrizo, a lawmaker from Ciudadanos, a party that opposes secession, told Mr. Puigdemont and separatist lawmakers that, far from creating a new Catalan republic, “you will go down in history for having fractured Catalonia and for sinking the institutions of Catalonia.

Filed Under: Articles Tagged With: Catalonia's, independence

Kurdistan Barzani offer to suspend independence drive, seek talks with Baghdad “Video”

October 25, 2017 By administrator

Gagrulenet illustration

Statement from the Kurdistan Regional Government

As Iraq and Kurdistan are faced with grave and dangerous circumstances, we are all obliged to act responsibly in order to prevent further violence and clashes between Iraqi and Peshmerga forces.

Attacks and confrontations between Iraqi and Peshmerga forces that started on October 16, 2017, especially today’s clashes, have caused damage to both sides and could lead to continuous bloodshed, inflicting pain and social unrest among different components of Iraqi society.

Certainly, continued fighting does not lead any side to victory, but it will drive the country towards disarray and chaos, affecting all aspects of life.
Therefore, in order to fulfill our responsibilities and obligations towards the people of Kurdistan and Iraq, we propose the following to the Iraqi Government and the Iraqi and world public opinion:

1. An immediate ceasefire and halt to all military operations in the Kurdistan Region.
2. Freeze the results of the referendum conducted in Iraqi Kurdistan.
3. Start an open dialogue between the Kurdistan Regional Government and Iraqi Federal Government on the basis of the Constitution.

Filed Under: News Tagged With: Barzani, independence, Kurdistan, offer to suspend

Spain gives Catalan leader eight days to drop independence

October 13, 2017 By administrator

Spanish Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy on Wednesday gave the Catalan government eight days to drop an independence bid, failing which he would suspend the Catalonia’s political autonomy and rule the region directly, Reuters reported.

His move could deepen the confrontation between Madrid and the northeastern region but also signals a way out of Spain’s biggest political crisis since a failed military coup in 1981.

Rajoy would probably call a snap regional election after activating Article 155 of the constitution that would allow him to sack the Catalan regional government.

He later told Spain’s parliament the Catalan government had until Monday, October 16 at 0800 GMT to answer.

Filed Under: Articles Tagged With: Catalan, independence, Spain

Catalonia leader signs declaration of independence

October 11, 2017 By administrator

President Carles Puigdemont of the Generalitat of Catalonia, Vice President Oriol Junqueras, and Parliament Speaker Carme Forcadell have signed the declaration of Catalonia’s independence from Spain, reported RIA Novosti news agency of Russia.

At present, deputies of the two parties supporting the independence, and which have absolute majority in parliament, are signing under this document.

Presenting the referendum results in parliament, Puigdemont had said that the results of the October 1 plebiscite give the right to declare the creation of an independent country.

Filed Under: Articles Tagged With: catalonia, independence

BREAKING NEWS: Spain cracked down in Catalonia, thousands vote on an independence. hundreds injured.

October 1, 2017 By administrator

Defying the Spanish authorities, tens of thousands of Catalans turned out to vote on Sunday in a banned independence referendum, clashing with police officers sent from outside the region to shut down polling stations and confiscate ballots.
The police in some places used rubber bullets and truncheons to disperse voters, many of whom had spent the night inside polling stations to ensure that they would remain open.

Filed Under: Articles, Events Tagged With: catalonia, hundreds injured., independence, Spain

Catalonia, Madrid ramp up rhetoric ahead of contested independence referendum

September 30, 2017 By administrator

Catalonia, Madrid ramp up rhetoricSpanish police have blocked off more than half of the designated polling places ahead of Sunday’s vote, officials say. Groups of activists are camping out at schools across the region and insist the vote will go ahead.

he Spanish government said on Saturday that families were occupying 163 schools in Catalonia and added that 1,300 of 2,315 designated voting stations have been sealed off by police.

Supporters of Catalan independence on Friday evening and Saturday morning occupied polling stations, setting the scene for possible confrontations with police.

Spanish Foreign Minister Alfonso Dastis called Catalonia plan to hold an independence referendum is “a mockery of democracy.”

Catalonia’s government said it had set up hundreds of polling stations across the northeastern region ahead of Sunday’s vote, despite Madrid declaring the vote illegal.

“Everything is prepared at the more than 2,000 voting points so they have ballot boxes and voting slips, and have everything people need to express their opinion,” Catalan leader Carles Puigdemont told Reuters news agency on Friday.

Spain’s central government, bolstered by a Constitutional Court ruling declaring the referendum invalid, has vowed to block the unauthorized poll.

“I insist that there will be no referendum on Oct. 1,” central government spokesman Inigo Mendez de Vigo told a news conference Friday. “Nobody is above the law and whoever violates them will face consequences.”

Spain’s constitution stipulates that only the federal government has the power to call a referendum on sovereignty.

Filed Under: Articles Tagged With: catalonia, contested, independence, referendum

Michigan recognizes Artsakh independence

September 28, 2017 By administrator

Michigan became the 8th U.S. state to recognize the independent Republic of Artsakh (Nagorno-Karabagh) on Thursday, with the overwhelming passage of S.R.99, spearheaded by Senator David Knezek.

“The Michigan Senate vote for Artsakh independence represents a resounding reaffirmation of our enduring American commitment to democratic self-determination and an equally powerful blow against Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev’s ongoing aggression against this peaceful republic,” said ANC of Mich. Chair Lara Nercessian.  “Armenians from the Great Lakes State and across the U.S. commend Sen. Knezek and his fellow State Senators for standing strong with the people of Artsakh.”

 

Filed Under: Articles Tagged With: Artsakh, independence, Michigan, Recognizes

Kurds stick to independence vote, ‘never going back to Baghdad:’ Barzani

September 24, 2017 By administrator

Iraq’s Kurds will go ahead with a referendum on independence on Sept. 25, Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) President Massoud Barzani has said.

Iraqi Kurds will seek talks with the Shi’ite-led central government to implement the expected “yes” outcome of the referendum, even if they take two years or more, he said at a news conference.

“We will never go back to the failed partnership” with Baghdad, he said, adding Iraq has become a “theocratic, sectarian state” and not the democratic one that was supposed to be built after the 2003 overthrow of Saddam Hussein.

Barzani dismissed the concern of Iraq’s powerful neighbors Iran and Turkey that the vote could destabilize the region, committing to respecting the laws on international boundaries and not seek to redraw region’s borders.

“Only independence can reward the mothers of our martyrs,” he said, reminding the international community of the role played by the Kurds in the war on the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL).

“Only through independence we can secure our future,” he added.

Filed Under: Articles Tagged With: independence, Kurds, stick, Vote

Armenia celebrates 26th anniversary of independence

September 21, 2017 By administrator

Armenia celebrates the 26th anniversary of independence.

Armenia declared its independence on September 21, 1991, the day on which a referendum on freedom from the USSR took place across the country.

The Republic of Armenia was accepted as a full member of the international community as a sovereign state after that, joining the United Nations in 1992.

It was a dream come true for Armenians across the world to once again have Armenia on the map.

Filed Under: News Tagged With: 26th anniversary, Armenia, celebrates, independence

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