July 13, 2013

By: Zeynep TOZDUMAN

see below Turkish version

5 million from the fate of the Armenian Massacre

Massacre in 1915 changed the fate of the non-Muslim peoples in Turkey, in particular, more than half of the Armenian population by the central committee of the Young Turk Party for 12 people, through the Special Organization by the destruction carried out in such a short period of 16 months.

Crimes of humanity in this country in 1915, but yurtsuzlaştırma the economy and metruke’lere emval-i and the seizure of bank accounts, etc. economic and cultural-historical genocide marked as a black stain.

The Assembly plenary session held on June 10, 1915 by disabling the temporary confiscation and expropriation law, the parliamentary committee responsible for the financial affairs of the relocated Armenians edildi.Yasa considered, including bank accounts, ‘left behind’ the confiscation of property rights were recognized. Dışılılık compliance with the law, under the law, given that the decision of the Turkish Parliament, even criticism, but it could be caused by sporadic.
Faced with protests in parliament until 1918 Senator Ahmed Riza would say many times in one session. Emval-mentioned goods behind by the show as” kanunsuzluktur. Because of this property is determined in the owners did not leave willingly, they were forcibly, extracted with algebra. Government officials through their possessions sattırıyor now. 21 of this Constitution, contrary to article … It is a tyranny. Keep me in the arm, out at my village, then sell my property and possession, it is not permissible to no time.”
In June 1915 the amount of the value of the Ottoman government treasury banosuna invested 5 million Turkish liras. This investment is then entrusted to Berlin and Vienna, as gold was to be secured. This money Ottoman, European banks to be used after the war had made the investment. Passing up the opportunity into the hands of Germany, the Ottoman official debt immediately singled out the money. Because of the German credit institutions and banks in the first quarter of 1915-1916 due to the loans granted to the Armenians, the lending institutions suffered huge losses, financial losses by declaring that the 5 million mark, did not return the money.

5 million lira sent to Berlin by the Turkish government to protect a part of the sale of Armenian women and children, have been obtained. (1915 Armenian Genocide in the process of captive markets for the sale of women and children in need in areas where the military has been organized for the brothels. (Mardin To give an example, in front of the military commander of the slave market) Missed, haremlerinde confiscated and kept enslaved Muslim women, seizure of the Armenian gene pool application, the use of free labor alongside their men were killed and their women and children as sex slaves by destroying the fertility of the Armenian people running, ie the elimination of one of the most important pillars of the genocide. sexual slavery, genocide, and then finds a wide application area in the region. sexual slavery also one of the organizers of the aracıdır.Seks enrichment area and slavery, slave owners Besides being a means of enrichment, it has also been used as a means of humiliation of slavery also) ‘1

Armenians from Turkey and müttefikilerinin murderous policies, not only their lives, but economies have lost their homeland. After the defeat of triple alliance, confiscations of property stolen from the public were Armenian.
In the meantime, the newly founded Republic of Turkey, Dec. 26, 1925, the government statement, the process is guided by the Young Turks, which was destroyed by the Kemalists” elements” goods confiscated and continued state level.
The question of the fate of five million lira, was introduced at the end of September 1924, the Treaty of Lausanne. After the Germans confiscated by the British as to what the fate of five million lira, wrote a letter to Mary Terzyan 10 October 1944, Stanley Baldwin. Baldwin copy of the memorandum for the year 1924, the British government through the invisible forces, not to Cadogan proposed. The fate of five million of money, so that Mary remained inconclusive attempt Terzyan’nın. Financial obligation to the genocide of the second letter addressed his letter to Lord Halifax, Britain’s ambassador to Washington, has been raised for the second time. Turkey in Berlin, the German Bank (Deutsche Bank) and then transferred to London’s five million pounds of the” What happened to the Armenians?” in vain sought the answer to the question. ‘2
Here in England, stole Armenians by Turks in Germany, London, transporting and keep the 5 million pounds of gold, onion, peeled and conversion of the victims of the genocide is not only Germany was complicit in the United Kingdom. Not restricted to abet. British government officials, the British insurance companies and a variety of people carry their financial obligations towards the Armenians before the war, prevented the fulfillment of the.
The most obvious example of this, the star of life and property insurance company may Assurance Company. No payment in accordance with the agreements with the Armenians so far has done hundreds or even thousands of cases.
The blood of an innocent people who would not have gotten the money to anyone. Until this money returned to the descendants of the Armenian people living in these days it is until the money eventually burn them.

If the time-out is how to crimes against humanity, crimes against humanity madurların the economic claims of the timeout can not be processed. This is contrary to the dialectics of the capitalist economy. These days, living in Australia, Europe and America and the Armenian diaspora in the countries they live parlementolarına simultaneously bringing up the issue of 5 million coins can be disposed of fate and a step towards the collection, I think.
It is my conviction that the crime committed against the Armenian people stop before the international area, then that should be condemned by the legislative bodies and the Government of the Republic of Turkey, Turkey’s financial demands, but also can come up.

Zeynep TOZDUMAN

1-Genocide Laboratory study: Mardin 1915 Çetinoğlu Sait.
2-Proceedings, Relocation and Disposal”” massacres of Christians in the Ottoman Empire between 1912-1922 Compiled by: Tessa Hofmann

Turkish Version:

Ermeni Katliamı ile elde edilen 5 milyonun akibeti

Türkiye’deki gayri müslim halkların kaderini değiştiren 1915 katliamı; özellikle Ermeni nüfusunun yarıdan fazlası Jön Türk Partisinin 12 kişilik merkez komitesi  tarafından, Teşkilat-ı Mahsusa aracılığı ile  16 ay gibi kısa bir süre içinde imha ederek gerçekleştirmiştir.

1915’de bu ülkede insanlık suçuyla birlikte, yurtsuzlaştırma,ekonomiye ve emval-i metruke’lere ve de  banka hesaplarına el konulması v.b. gibi ekonomik ve kültürel- tarihsel soykırıma damgasını vuran kara bir lekedir.

10 Haziran 1915’te ki  meclisde yapılan oturumda genel kurul devre dışı bırakılarak gecici müsadere ve kamulaştırma kanunu, mali işlerden sorumlu parlemento komisyonunda kabul edildi.Yasa tehcir edilen Ermenilerin banka hesapları da dahil, ‘geride kalan ‘ mallarına el konulması hakkını tanıyordu. Hukuka uygunluk görüntüsü altında karar verilen bu yasa dışılılık, Türk parlementosu’nda bile eleştirilere, ancak tek tük neden olabildi.
1918’e kadar defalarca parlementoda protestolara karşılaşan senatör Ahmet Rıza şöyle diyordu bir oturumda.  ” sözü edilen malları emval-i metruke olarak göstermek kanunsuzluktur. Çünkü bu emvalin sahipleri mallarını isteyerek terk etmemişler, onlar yerlerinden zorla, cebir ile çıkartılmıştır. Hükümet şimdi onların mallarını memurları vasıtasıyla sattırıyor. Bu anayasa’nın 21. maddesine aykırıdır… Bu bir zulümdür . Beni kolumdan tut, köyümden dışarı at,  sonra da malımı ve mülkümü sat; bu, hiçbir vakit caiz değildir.”
Osmanlı hükümeti 1915 Haziran’ında 5 milyon Türk lirası değerindeki miktarı  hazine banosuna yatırım yapmıştı. Bu yatırım daha sonra Berlin ve Viyana’da emanetlere altın olarak güvence altına alınması için konuldu. Osmanlı bu parayı,  savaştan sonra kullanmak üzere avrupa bankalarına yatırım yapmıştı.  Eline fırsat geçen Almanya, bu parayı hemen  Osmanlının resmi borcuna saydı. Çünkü, Alman kredi kuruluş ve bankalarının 1915-1916 yılının ilk üç ayında Ermenilere verilen krediler nedeniyle, kredi veren kuruluşların büyük zarara uğradıkları, maddi kayıplarının 5 milyon mark olduğunu bildirerek parayı iade etmedi.

Türk hükümeti tarafından korunması için Berlin’e gönderilen 5 milyon liranın bir kısmı, Ermeni kadın ve çocukların satışından elde edilmiştir. ( 1915 Soykırımı sürecinde Ermeni kadınların ve çocukların satılması için esir pazarlarının olduğu yerlerde askerin ihtiyacı için genelevler organize edilmiştir. (Bir örnek verecek olursak Mardin Askeri komutanlığı önündeki köle pazarı) Kaçırılan, el konan ve esir edilen kadınların Müslüman haremlerinde tutulması, Ermeni gen havuzuna el konma uygulaması, bedava işgücü olarak kullanılmasının yanında Erkeklerinin öldürülerek kadınlarını ve çocuklarını da seks kölesi olarak çalıştırılması Ermeni halkını doğurganlığını yok ederek, ortadan kaldırılması yani Soykırımın önemli ayaklarından biridir. Seks köleliği Soykırım ve sonrasında bölgede geniş bir uygulama alanı bulmaktadır. Seks köleliği ayrıca organizatörleri açısından da bir zenginleşme alanı ve aracıdır.Seks köleliğinin, köle  sahiplerinin zenginleşmesinin aracı olmasının yanında, bu köleliğin  ayrıca  bir aşağılanma aracı olarak da kullanılmıştır)’1

Ermeniler, Türkiye ve müttefikilerinin katliamcı politikaları sonucu; sadece yaşamlarını, vatanlarını değil ekonomilerini de kaybettiler. Üçlü ittifak yenilgisinden sonra, çalınan Ermeni mallarının gaspına da ortak oldular.
Bu arada yeni kurulan T.C, 26 Aralık 1925’te hükümet açıklamasıyla, jön Türkler tarafından yön verilen süreci, Kemalistler’de  imha edilen ”unsurların ” mallarına devlet katında el konularak devam ettirdi.
5 milyon liranın akibeti sorusu, lozan antlaşmasının 1924 Eylül sonunda ortaya atıldı. Almanlardan sonra  ingilizlerin el koyduğu 5 milyon liranın akıbetinin ne olduğu konusunda, Mary Terzyan 10 Ekim 1944’te Stanley Baldwin’e bir mektup yazmıştır. Baldwin’e 1924 yılına ait memorandumun kopyasını, İngiliz hükümeti aracılığı ile görünmez güçler, Cadogan vermemesi önerisinde bulunmuştur. 5 milyon paranın akibeti, Mary Terzyan’nın girişimi de böylece sonuçsuz kalmıştır. Soykırımın maddi yükümlülüğüne ait ikinci mektup İngiltere’nin Washington’daki elçisi lord Halifax’a hitaben yazdığı mektupla ikinci kez gündeme gelmiştir. Türkiye’den, Berlin’deki Alman Bankası’na ( Deutsche Bank ) ve daha sonra Londra’ya havale edilen ”Ermenilere ait beş milyon liraya ne oldu ”? sorusuna beyhude cevap aradı.’2
Burada İngiltere, Türk’lerin Ermeni’lerden çalıp Almanya’da muhafaza ettiği 5 milyon altın lirayı Londra’ya nakletmesi, soykırım kurbanlarının soyulup soğana çevrilmesinde  sadece Almanya’yı değil İngiltere’yi de suç ortağı yapmıştır. Suç ortaklığı  kadarla da sınırlı kalmadı. İngiliz devlet adamları, çeşitli ingiliz sigorta şirketleri ve kişilerin savaş öncesinde Ermenilere karşı taşıdıkları mali yükümlülüklerini, yerine getirmelerini de engellediler.
Bunun en bariz örneği olarak, hayat ve mülk sigortası yapan star Assurance Company şirketi gösterebilir. Ermenilere yapılan sözleşmelere uygun olarak bu güne kadar hiçbir ödemenin yapılmadığı yüzlerce hatta binlerce vaka vardır.
Mazlum bir halkın kanıyla kazanılmış para kimseye yaramaz. Ta ki bu para Ermeni halkının bu gün yaşayan torunlarına iade edilinceye kadar o para, onları er geç yakacaktır.

İnsanlık suçlarında nasıl ki zaman aşımı yoksa, madurların insanlık suçu işlendikten sonra da ekonomik alacaklarında zaman aşımı olamaz. Bu  kapitalist ekonominin diyalektiğine de terstir. Bu gün Avrupa ve Amerika ve de Avustralya’da yaşayan Ermeni diasporasının, yaşadıkları ülkelerin parlementolarına bu konuyu eş zamanlı gündeme getirerek  5 milyon paralarının akıbetleri ve tahsili yolunda bir adım atılabilirler diye düşünüyorum.
İnancım o dur ki Ermeni halkına karşı işlenen suçun önce Uluslar arası alanda, sonra da Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Hükümeti ve yasama organları tarafından mahkum edilmeli ki, Türkiye’deki  maddi talepleri de ancak  gündeme gelebilsin.

ZEYNEP TOZDUMAN

1-Soykırımı Laboratuvarında incelemek: Mardin 1915 Sait Çetinoğlu.
2-Takibat, Techir ve İmha  ”Osmanlı imparatorluğu’nda 1912-1922 yılları arasında Hıristiyanlara yönelik katliamlar ” Derleyen: Tessa Hofmann

[The] willingness to ascribe to the deniers and their myths the legitimacy
of a point of view is of as great, if not greater,
concern than are the activities of the deniers themselves.
—Deborah Lipstadt

WATERTOWN, Mass. (Armenian Weekly)— The participation of a number of Armenian studies and genocide studies scholars in the conference “The Caucasus at the Imperial Twilight” in Tbilisi, Georgia, organized by Prof. M. Hakan Yavuz of the University of Utah and sponsored by the Turkish Coalition of America (TCA) has generated a controversy in the diaspora as well as in Armenia over the enabling of genocide denial.

The individual and organization at the heart of this conference have for much of the past decade been actively engaged in efforts to extend denial of the Armenian genocide into academia as well as in the political realm in North America.

Since 2009, the Turkish Coalition of America (TCA), established in 2007, has pumped at least $900,000 into the Yavuz-directed Utah Turkish Studies Project as a continuation of the decades-long campaign to deny, diminish, or otherwise distort the history of the Armenian Genocide. Denial within academia has reached new heights through the publication of genocide denying books by the Utah University Press and other outlets and the organization of four (2010-2013) conferences of which the most recent is the conference in Tbilisi.

The TCA has also lobbied aggressively to block recognition of the Armenian genocide and has engaged in legal actions against, most notoriously, the University of Minnesota and its Center for Holocaust and Genocide Studies (CHGS). The suit alleged defamation because the CHGS website had identified the TCA as an “unreliable” source on the Armenian genocide that engaged in genocide denial. The suit was dismissed and the dismissal upheld, with the decision stating that “the Center’s statement about the TCA is true and, therefore, not actionable.” In addition, in 2011 the U.S. House of Representatives Ethics Committee ruled that the TCA had provided some $500,000 in improper gifts in the form of legal counsel to now former Ohio Representative Jean Schmidt.

A key element of the TCA’s mission is to normalize the presentation of denial of the Armenian Genocide within academia. This approach seeks to establish the Turkish state’s denialist narrative as a legitimate historical viewpoint, as just another scholarly “perspective.” In order to succeed, however, they need legitimate scholars to function as “the other side.”

By participating in the Tbilisi conference, scholars, whether intentionally or not, are providing just that “other side” of the “debate” over the Armenian genocide, argued several prominent scholars contacted by the Armenian Weekly.

Prof. Richard Hovannisian
“I learned a long time ago that providing a platform for deniers, under any guise, is a serious mistake because it affords them a claim to legitimacy. It is no less harmful to the cause of serious scholarship to participate in a conference organized and sponsored by a deceptive university professor and an organization that has repeatedly supported the publication of denial literature and initiated legal proceedings against institutions that exclude denial materials from their programs,” said Prof. Richard Hovannisian, former holder of the Armenian Educational Foundation Chair in Modern Armenian History at UCLA.

“No matter how well-intended it may be, participation in such a conference confers on those behind it an unmerited status as partners in a scholarly dialogue when, I believe, the real purpose is to create doubt and undermine honest scholarly investigation,” added Prof. Hovannisian.

Prof. Roger Smith
Prof. Roger Smith, a founding member of the International Association of Genocide Scholars (IAGS) and a former president of the association, concurred. “Invitations to conferences such as the one organized by Hakan Yavuz of the University of Utah, a university that has numerous graduate students who are churning out denial of the Armenian Genocide, are simply lures and traps,” he said. “Lures in the sense that it gives the appearance of welcoming dissenting views and appears to offer an opportunity to refute the narrative upheld by ‘historians who hold other views of what took place in 1915.’ It suggests a debate and an assessment of the evidence: a normal process in scholarly inquiry. Some scholars may, not unreasonably, jump at the bait, and hope to dislodge the claims of those who argue that the Genocide never took place, that the Young Turk regime is not responsible for whatever happened, and that, in any case, the term ‘genocide’ is not applicable for a variety of reasons. But the trap is when such well-known, non-denialist, scholars participate in such conferences, they inescapably offer legitimacy to the whole conference, to its framework. And that is precisely what the organizers seek: the appearance of legitimacy for bogus history,” he added.

Marc Mamigonian
Marc Mamigonian, the Director of Academic Affairs of the National Association for Armenian Studies and Research (NAASR), said, “Deniers have already hijacked the discussion of the Armenian genocide to an unhealthy extent through their efforts to manufacture doubt about established historical facts. Participating in forums organized and funded by individuals and entities who promote the Turkish state’s denial of the Armenian genocide only contributes to the myth of a scholarly debate.  This also undermines scholars who strive to create honest scholarship in the face of denial and intimidation. Denial—even if it carries a university imprint—must not legitimized and granted a place at the same table as scholarship, because it does not belong there.”

Prof. Keith Watenpaugh
Prof. Keith Watenpaugh, Associate Professor of Modern Islam, Human Rights and Peace at UC Davis, said, “The Turkish Studies Project (TSP) at the University of Utah, which is the sponsor of this conference is funded by the Turkish Coalition of America (TCA). As a federal judge recently ruled, the TCA is a denialist organization. It uses its money and relationship with the University of Utah to support Armenian Genocide denial through publications and through conferences like the one in Tbilisi. Given the genocide denial framework established by the TSP and its director, the Political Scientist M. Hakan Yavuz, the participation by scholars—Armenian or otherwise—cannot help but lend legitimacy to its broader denialist enterprise. I would not participate in something like this. I am reluctant to criticize the few Armenian scholars who did participate, because I stand in solidarity with all those who resist denial and its corrosive effects, even if I don’t agree with the way they go about doing it.”

Watenpaugh added, “Instead we should be asking questions about the continued relationship between the University of Utah and the TCA. It is hard for me to understand why an important American research university would lend its good name to a political organization that seeks to violate academic freedom by, for example, bringing suit against the Center for Holocaust and Genocide Studies at the University of Minnesota, and by promoting the falsification of history through its grants and political advocacy. The real issue here is the fact that the University of Utah has provided an institutional home to genocide denial.”

“Armenians and others should be confident that there are more and better venues of interchange between Turks and Armenians in which elements of their shared past can be examined honestly and in a framework of legitimate historical enquiry. In fact scholarship on late-Ottoman Armenian society and history is one of the most vital fields of history today and the Armenian Genocide is firmly established in the global history of human rights and genocide studies,” Watenpaugh concluded.

Prof. Debórah Dwork
In turn, Prof. Debórah Dwork, the Director of the Strassler Center for Holocaust and Genocide Studies at Clark University, told the Armenian Weekly that “there is no reason—none!—to engage genocide deniers, whether they are deniers of the Armenian Genocide or of the Holocaust, or of any other genocide.” She explained, “A conference or debate offers them an arena to make their arguments. Why would I offer them such an arena? Speaking to them, or arguing with them elevates them to the status of legitimate scholars, and their positions to the status of legitimate history. We are not equals and there aren’t two legitimate, equally historically valid ‘sides.’”

According to Prof. Dwork, “engaging with deniers allows them to set the issues to be discussed; it allows them to hijack the historical account. Why should I talk about the points they wish to raise? And please, would someone tell me why I should I waste my time refuting their arguments? Time is the coin of the scholarly realm, and if we spend it on deniers, we are not moving our research forward.” She concluded, “Engaging with deniers thus undermines history thrice over: it offers them a platform; it confers legitimacy upon them, and it diverts scholars from their own research which, of course, plumbs precisely the genocide the deniers refute.”

Hurriyet.com.tr

Two Turkish students in a French school have reacted after a cartoon depicting a Turk carrying a basket full of skulls with the words “Armenian Genocide” written on its side was shown in class.

The incident occurred at the College Anatole France high school in the city of Montbéliard in France’s Comte region.

A teacher displayed a cartoon during a geography and history class and asked students: “What do you understand from this cartoon? Why can Turkey not join the EU according to this cartoon?”

The cartoon depicted a mountain with the EU flag erected at its peak. Three stereotypical caricatures of Balkan peoples were drawn climbing the mountain. At the very bottom of the mountain was a “peasant” Turkish man struggling to get up from the ground with a very large basket on his back. The basket was filled with human skulls with the word “Turkey” written on it and the words “Armenian Genocide” above. Behind the Turkish character, a slender man with “France” written over his head was shown adding a skull to the already-full basket. Turkish students Muhammed Ali Erki, 17, and İsmail Erdal, 14, said they were shocked to see the cartoon. Erki reportedly asked his teacher, “We did not commit genocide, yet you accuse us of it. What do you think about Algerians?”

“You are right but this cartoon is not my idea, I need to give this class as part of the curriculum,” the teacher said in reply.

Erdal said he understood from the cartoon that “the French do not want to see Turkey in the EU.”

The students said they had not been able to concentrate on their classes after seeing the cartoon and added that were especially saddened to see North African students making fun of Turkey and Turks.

The families of the students notified the anti-racism COJEP International foundation. COJEP President Ali Gedikoğlu said they would bring the cartoon to the attention of the authorities in France and file a complaint with the French Education Ministry to have the cartoon removed from the curriculum.

PanARMENIAN.Net – Member of the New South Wales Legislative Council, Walt Secord, who is also the Deputy Co-Chair of the NSW Parliamentary Friends of Armenian Group, delivered a powerful speech in Parliament recounting his recent visit to Western Armenia, armenia.com.au reports.

Secord made history in 2011 by becoming the first Australian politician to visit the Republic of Nagorno Karabakh. And in December 2012, Secord returned to Armenia to take part in an expedition to Western Armenia and visit towns and cities, which were completely emptied during the Armenian Genocide of 1915-1923.

The tour, which commenced in Yerevan, took Secord north through Gyumri, into the heavily Armenian populated region of Javakhk in Georgia, and then onto the cities of Kars, Van, Ani, Idgir and Akhtamar.

Upon his return to Australia, Secord remarked: “My visit to western Armenia was the most interesting study tour I have undertaken in my life.”

The seven-day visit, which was organized and partially funded by the Armenian National Committee of Australia (ANC Australia), allowed Secord to continue his “exploration of the Armenian genocide”, and allowed him to “see modern Turkey within the context of the interaction between Islam and the West”.

The trip put into perspective the extensive destruction of the Armenian populated regions during the Armenian genocide.

In his speech in Parliament, Secord said: “Of course, official denial is a vital component of oppression and genocide. This is why I will never apologise for my inquiry into the Armenian story or my support for the Armenian community. As I have said in Yerevan, in the Parliament of New South Wales and on many other occasions, it is repugnant for Turkey to deny the deaths of the 1.5 million Armenians.”

Executive Director of ANC Australia, Vache Kahramanian thanked Secord for his continued support to ensure the recognition of the Armenian genocide and for his continued support of the Armenian-Australian community.

“We are grateful for Mr. Secord’s continued efforts in ensuring the just recognition of the Armenian Genocide,” Kahramanian said.

“This trip allowed for the Honourable Member to experience first hand the destruction that fell upon the Armenian people nearly a century ago. Mr. Secord is a dear friend of the Armenian-Australian community and a true champion of human rights.”

Walt Secord will again visit Armenia as part of the New South Wales Parliamentary Friends of Armenian Group delegation in July this year.