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What kind of ‘end-user certificate’ exists between Russia and Turkey

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Author Anahit Voskanyan

The Russian “Pravda” newspaper published analysis days ago over the Karabakh issue and Turkey’s acquisition of Russia’s most advanced S-400 missile defense system.

In the author’s conviction and as he claimed in the piece when Turkey reached an agreement with Russia over the purchase of the S-400 systems in April, FEW could suppose that could affect the balance of power between Armenia and Azerbaijan.

In an interesting way, they ‘came to that conclusion’ only after the comments by Azerbaijani lawmaker Rasim Musabekov, suggesting “Russian interference into the Karabakh conflict on the side of Armenia would inevitably lead to Turkey’s taking the Azerbaijani side.”

The time coincided with reports by Turkish sources, saying the country plans to deploy the newly obtained missile systems at the border with Armenia. Let us put aside the long-persisted Azerbaijani practice of intimidating us with its “big brother” Turkey, as do the fact why Russia acted so ‘naively’ to sell weapons in a region where it positions itself as a mediator. Similarly, it would be best to leave out the Russians’ ‘surprise’ over reports of Turkey’s initiative to deploy the missile systems at the border with Armenia, likewise Russian cynical justifications of arm sale to Azerbaijan for solely ‘business considerations.’

Let us only accept the fact that Russia sells weapons to Turkey with follow-up new questions, surfacing whether Russia plans to sell new arms to Turkey, what kind of weapons, if so, and whether Turkey can resell those arms to Azerbaijan. Does the Armenian diplomacy track those possible developments? We addressed the question about the possibility to resell arms to Armenian ministries of foreign affairs and defense.

In its official clarification, the foreign ministry referred to the Russian legislation mandating the required document of the so-called ‘end-user certificate’ for military devices and equipment which is a document used in international transfers, including sales and export of the arms to certify those will be used only for the stated purposes, that the buyer is the final recipient of the materials, and not planning on transferring or re-exporting of the materials to third parties without the agreement of the original supplier of the arms.

Thus, it remains to see what kind of ‘end-user certificate’ exits between Russia and Turkey!

Russia Fueling Armenian enemy: Turkey Signs Deal To Buy S-400 Anti aircraft Missiles From Russia

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The S-400 antiaircraft missile system will be Ankara’s most significant weapons purchase to date from a non-NATO supplier. (file photo)

Turkey has signed a deal with Russia to buy S-400 anti aircraft missile systems in its first major weapons purchase from Moscow.

Turkish newspapers on September 12 quoted Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan as saying that Ankara already paid the deposit on the deal, estimated to be worth up to $2.5 billion.

Speaking to journalists aboard his presidential plane returning from a trip to Kazakhstan, Erdogan also said that he and Russian President Vladimir Putin were “determined on this issue.”

Moscow confirmed the accord, with Vladimir Kozhin, a military adviser to Putin, saying that “the contract has been signed and is being prepared for implementation.”

Kozhin also said that “all the decisions made for the contract strictly comply” with Russia’s strategic interests.

The accord, Ankara’s most significant weapons purchase from a non-NATO supplier, has raised concerns in the West over technical compatibility with NATO equipment.

An unidentified NATO official was quoted as saying that the alliance did receive information on the purchase of the Russian-made missile system by Turkey.

The official also said that it was “up to allies to decide what military equipment they buy,” adding, “What matters for NATO is that the equipment allies acquire is able to operate together.”

“No NATO ally currently operates the S-400,” the official added.

Joseph Dunford, the U.S. chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, said in July that the purchase of the S-400 air-defense system from Russia “would be a concern” for Washington.

The Pentagon has also sounded the alarm, saying that “generally it’s a good idea” for NATO allies to buy interoperable equipment.

But Erdogan insisted on September 12 that Turkey was free to make military acquisitions based on its defense needs.

“We make the decisions about our own independence ourselves,” he said. “We are obliged to take safety and security measures in order to defend our country.”

Russia says the S-400 surface-to-air missile system has a range of 400 kilometers and can shoot down up to 80 targets simultaneously.

It deployed the system at its air base near Latakia in western Syria in December 2015 after a Turkish fighter jet shot down a Russian warplane on the Turkish-Syrian border in late 2015, causing a diplomatic rift between Moscow and Ankara.

But Turkey has been establishing closer links with Russia after its recent souring of ties with the United States over a number of issues, including U.S. support of Syrian Kurdish fighters that Ankara considers terrorists.

Meanwhile, Russia’s relations with the United States and NATO have been in crisis over its annexation of Ukraine’s Crimea region in March 2014, its backing of separatists in eastern Ukraine, and other issues.

With reporting by AFP, dpa, and TASS

The proposed purchase of Russian missiles S-400 by Turkey would be directed against Armenia and its “Iskander M”

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Russia,S-400“In the event of intervention by Russia during an armed conflict in Artaskh (Nagorno-Karabakh), Turkey will respond in support of Azerbaijan,” said Azerbaijani deputy Rasim Mousabekov. This statement follows Ankara’s intention to buy from Russia, C-400 missile batteries. Last April, Ankara and Moscow approved the planned delivery of Russian-made S-400 missiles to Turkey.

A Russian newspaper writes that when Turkey decided to buy these weapons, the stated objective was to strengthen its air defense. But later, well-informed sources reportedly asserted that these purchases of Russian missiles S-400 not Turkey – which has not yet been realized – were directed against Armenia.

During the Turkish-Azerbaijani military exercises last June, this option would have been discussed between Ankara and Baku. Baku who felt very badly the information of the Russian delivery of the missiles “Iskander M” to Armenia. Thus the objective of the likely purchase of Ankara C-400 missiles would be to counter Armenia in the event of an attack by the “Iskander M” that only Armenia owns in the region.

Krikor Amirzayan

Russia agreed to transfer technology along with S-400 missile systems to Turkey

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Russia s-400 TurkeyHurriyet daily Report: Russia has agreed to transfer the technology of S-400 anti-ballistic missile systems, and it constitutes the most advantageous aspect of the deal between the two countries, Presidential Spokesperson İbrahim Kalın has said, informing that the agreement between the two states will soon be concluded.

“One of our most important gains [by the purchase of] S-400 [missiles] won’t only meet Turkey’s security needs but also will bring about the transfer of this technology. This [aspect] has been put very openly in our agreement with Russians and in talks held by our president with [Russian President Vladimir] Putin,” Kalın told private broadcaster Habertürk TV in an interview late July 27.

“And Russians said ‘alright’ to this,” he added.

Turkey and Russia have been negotiating for the former’s purchase of high-tech S-400 anti-ballistic missile systems after the Turkish government was disappointed at its NATO allies for rejecting know-how of the similar systems they wanted to sell to Turkey. The United States issued concerns over Turkey’s bid to purchase a Russian defense system while NATO underlined that the S-400s will not be interoperable with NATO’s overall anti-ballistic defense system.

Kalın, however, stressed that this should not be seen only as a purchase of military equipment but the beginning of a transformation of the Turkish defense industry with the transfer of such sophisticated anti-missile system.

“We are at a very good point in terms of [the deal on] S-400s and it’s expected that it will soon be finalized. And the argument that this system cannot be integrated into the NATO system is not correct,” he said, adding that there were only a few minor issues left to be accomplished with regards to the agreement, but the core of it had been agreed.

Kalın expressed Ankara’s disappointment with its allies’ refusal to share technology about the missile systems they wanted to sell to Turkey, saying, “The model they suggested stipulates Turkey’s eternal dependence on them.”

Source: http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/russia-agreed-to-transfer-technology-along-with-s-400-missile-systems-presidential-spokesperson-.aspx?pageID=238&nID=116056&NewsCatID=345

Russia adding More and More S-400 Air Defense Systems

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1016764632Syria: The Russian military will receive five new regimental units of S-400 Triumf anti-aircraft missile systems in 2016, according to arms manufacturer Almaz-Antey.

“Thanks to the efficient work of our employees, we are completing most of our government contracts ahead of schedule. According to our plans for 2016, the company will provide Russia’s Ministry of Defense with five regimental units of S-400 surface-to-air missile systems,” the Almaz-Antey press service read, as cited by RIA Novosti.

In 2015 the company already supplied three S-400 regiments to the Russian Armed Forces

The press service also noted that all new S-400 units were successfully tested by the military during live fire exercises in hostile weather conditions and with simulated enemy actively using electronic countermeasures, RIA Novosti adds.

In 2015 the Russian military also received three divisions of Buk-M2 medium-range surface-to-air missile systems.

The S-400 Triumpf (NATO reporting name: SA-21 Growler) medium and long-range anti-aircraft missile system was designed to engage and destroy all existing and future aerial and space attacks, from spy planes to tactical and strategic bombers to ballistic missiles. It employs three different missiles to cover its entire performance envelope.

Source: sputniknews.com