By Vahe Hayrikian,
Have you ever thought about the meaning of “ian”?
Most Armenian names end in “ian” or “yan,” meaning the “son of ,” but
some Diaspora Armenians have changed these endings to blend in their
host societies.
Today in Turkey “oglu” often replaces “ian,” while Russian Armenians
may change the endings to “ov”; e.g., Gary Kasparov, Serge Parajanov.
A name ending in “ian” is not always exclusively Armenian, since the
ending can also be occasionally found in names in Irish, Persian,
English, Philippine and some other cultures.
Armenian last names generally fall into five specific categories:
Aristocracy, Parent, Geography, Occupation or Trait.
Aristocracy
The ancient Armenian aristocracy (“Nakharar” class) was derived from
Parthian-Persian stock and many of their names ended in “uni” or “ooni.”
Most of these families were destroyed over the centuries but some
still survive today; e.g., Sasuni, Rshtuni.
Parent
Many Armenian names are derived from the first names of an ancestor;
e.g. Davidian, “son of David,” Stepanian, “son of Stepan,” or
Krikorian, “son of Krikor/Grigor.” Until the 19th century, virtually
all first names had a religious origin, so most of those last names
are also religious.
Geography
Some last names are based on geographic origin and end in “lian”
(Turkish) or “tsian” (Armenian). Typical examples are Sivaslian “from
Sivas,” Urfalian “from Urfa” and Vanetzian “from Van.” These names
were typically given to an immigrant who migrated from a different
region of Armenia. Obviously everyone living in Marash would not call
himself or herself “Marashlian”.
Occupation
Most last names were taken from the professions of an ancestor. These
names frequently originated with the tax collectors who needed to
identify all individuals for tax purposes. Typical examples are
Najarian “son of a carpenter,” Arabian “son of a wagon/teamster,” and
Vosgerichian “son of a goldsmith.” Many of these occupations are not
Armenian, since the tax man(typically a Moslem Turk, Persian, Arab,
etc.) would use his own native word for the occupation; e.g., the
name Boyajian is based on the Arab/Turkish term “boyaji” “one who dyes.”
Trait
The most confusing and curious names are those based on some trait of
an ancestor. Typical examples are Topalian “son of the cripple,”
Dilsizian “son of the tongueless one,” or Sinanian “son of the
spearpoint.” Many of the origins of these names are unclear unless one
understands the original context. As an example, Dilsizian indicates
that an ancestor had his tongue cut out by the Turks for using the
Armenian language, while the term “Sinan” was a slang term applied to
somebody either with a very erect military-like carriage or who was
“hung like a horse.”
Some of these traits are not physical, but rather reflect personality
or social status; e.g., Melikian “son of the king”
or
Harutunian “son of the resurrection.” The name Harutunian could be based
on an ancestor named Harutune (so-named because he was born around
Eastertime), or adopted by a convert to Protestantism to show his
status as a “born-again Christian.”
Many last names today have been shortened or modified to aid
pronunciations by non-Armenians; e.g., the name Mugerditchian/
Mkrtichian” becomes “Mugar,” “Husseniglian”,becomes “Hewsen,” and
Samourkashian” becomes “Samour.” These abbreviated names often drop
the ian” ending, and are not immediately identifiable as being
Armenian to an outsider.
The name categories of Occupation and Trait can differ significantly
between Eastern Armenians and Western Armenians, since the eastern
names often have Persian, Georgian or Russian roots, while the western
names may have Turkish, Arab, or Greek roots. Names with the prefix
“Der” or “Ter” show that one of the ancestors was a “Der Hayr” a
married parish priest), a position of great social status among Armenians;
some Diaspora Armenians have changed these endings to blend in their
host societies.
Today in Turkey “oglu” often replaces “ian,” while Russian Armenians
may change the endings to “ov”; e.g., Gary Kasparov, Serge Parajanov.
A name ending in “ian” is not always exclusively Armenian, since the
ending can also be occasionally found in names in Irish, Persian,
English, Philippine and some other cultures.
Armenian last names generally fall into five specific categories:
Aristocracy, Parent, Geography, Occupation or Trait.
Aristocracy
The ancient Armenian aristocracy (“Nakharar” class) was derived from
Parthian-Persian stock and many of their names ended in “uni” or “ooni.”
Most of these families were destroyed over the centuries but some
still survive today; e.g., Sasuni, Rshtuni.
Parent
Many Armenian names are derived from the first names of an ancestor;
e.g. Davidian, “son of David,” Stepanian, “son of Stepan,” or
Krikorian, “son of Krikor/Grigor.” Until the 19th century, virtually
all first names had a religious origin, so most of those last names
are also religious.
Geography
Some last names are based on geographic origin and end in “lian”
(Turkish) or “tsian” (Armenian). Typical examples are Sivaslian “from
Sivas,” Urfalian “from Urfa” and Vanetzian “from Van.” These names
were typically given to an immigrant who migrated from a different
region of Armenia. Obviously everyone living in Marash would not call
himself or herself “Marashlian”.
Occupation
Most last names were taken from the professions of an ancestor. These
names frequently originated with the tax collectors who needed to
identify all individuals for tax purposes. Typical examples are
Najarian “son of a carpenter,” Arabian “son of a wagon/teamster,” and
Vosgerichian “son of a goldsmith.” Many of these occupations are not
Armenian, since the tax man(typically a Moslem Turk, Persian, Arab,
etc.) would use his own native word for the occupation; e.g., the
name Boyajian is based on the Arab/Turkish term “boyaji” “one who dyes.”
Trait
The most confusing and curious names are those based on some trait of
an ancestor. Typical examples are Topalian “son of the cripple,”
Dilsizian “son of the tongueless one,” or Sinanian “son of the
spearpoint.” Many of the origins of these names are unclear unless one
understands the original context. As an example, Dilsizian indicates
that an ancestor had his tongue cut out by the Turks for using the
Armenian language, while the term “Sinan” was a slang term applied to
somebody either with a very erect military-like carriage or who was
“hung like a horse.”
Some of these traits are not physical, but rather reflect personality
or social status; e.g., Melikian “son of the king”
or
Harutunian “son of the resurrection.” The name Harutunian could be based
on an ancestor named Harutune (so-named because he was born around
Eastertime), or adopted by a convert to Protestantism to show his
status as a “born-again Christian.”
Many last names today have been shortened or modified to aid
pronunciations by non-Armenians; e.g., the name Mugerditchian/
Mkrtichian” becomes “Mugar,” “Husseniglian”,becomes “Hewsen,” and
Samourkashian” becomes “Samour.” These abbreviated names often drop
the ian” ending, and are not immediately identifiable as being
Armenian to an outsider.
The name categories of Occupation and Trait can differ significantly
between Eastern Armenians and Western Armenians, since the eastern
names often have Persian, Georgian or Russian roots, while the western
names may have Turkish, Arab, or Greek roots. Names with the prefix
“Der” or “Ter” show that one of the ancestors was a “Der Hayr” a
married parish priest), a position of great social status among Armenians;
e.g., DerBedrosian, Ter Petrosian.
The study of Armenian Names is a fascinating exercise, since virtually
every aspect of the culture is reflected in names.
The study of Armenian Names is a fascinating exercise, since virtually
every aspect of the culture is reflected in names.
There have been extensive studies of Armenian names in the Armenian
language, but little has appeared in English and many Armenians (born
outside of Armenia) do not understand the significance of their own names.
language, but little has appeared in English and many Armenians (born
outside of Armenia) do not understand the significance of their own names.