Iran’s President Hassan Rouhani has donated 10 billion Iranian Rials (approx. $350,000) to an Armenian community hospital based in capital Tehran, IRNA News Agency reported.
His advisor, Hossein Fereydoon, who visited the hospital, has said that a co-existence of Muslims and non-Muslims is a good example for all the countries in the region.
He reportedly recommended that the characterization ‘minorities’ be replaced with “non-Muslim Iranians”.
Aram Hakobyan Named World Youth Chess Champ
Aram Hakobyan of Armenia has won the World Champion’s title in the 2013 World Youth Chess Championship held in Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
Aram Hakobyan Named World Youth Chess Champ Aram Hakobyan of Armenia has won the World Champion’s title in the 2013 World Youth Chess Championship held in Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
Without any defeat in the 11 rounds, the sportsman scored 9.5 in the uder 12 section competitions.
Twenty-eight young sportsmen represented Armenia in the championship. Hovhannes Gabuzyan playing in the U18 group is a candidate of gold medal.
Turkey: Santa Claus will be punched at Beyazit Square!
With the coming of Christmas Christian phobia raised by certain circles in Turkey are trying to.Felicity Party’s youth wing known as the Anatolian Youth Association, a group called Santa Claus punched banner depicting a man with a cap on the “New Year and Christmas celebrations NO!” He announced they would protest in Beyazit.
ERT EMRE NEW
is emreertani@agos.com.t
Group’s ‘New Year’s Eve is a social revolt!’ published under the title in the text, “Anatolian Youth Association, Istanbul University Beyazit Campus Students in our country celebrated the New Year and Christmas celebrations is wrong, and it Müslümanlığı us a blow that we exclaim” testimony was given.
When Jesus Christ was born and Christianity is not known whether the allegedly falsified statement, “Hz. Jesus (AS) ‘s certain to be born on January 1 is unclear. Born between December 25 to January 6 that are accepted. Between these dates under the name of Christmas Christians begin their Christmas entertainment. Obviously, the fact of the removed and falsified Christianity, even in the Prophet’s birthday is far from a certainty and clarity “the statement said.
Christmas with the unrelated New Year celebrations confuses group ‘missionary peril also pointed out: “Christmas, by Muslims adopt and implement the religious and cultural degeneration should be considered as such an attitude; their religious beliefs from our, our values away and the metamorphosis process to accelerate, our country, our people-oriented Christian missionary is also quite convenient to create a situation that should not be overlooked. ”
Fun and pleasure they give themselves …
December 24, December 25, the night of the church in the morning, with the rites celebrated for Christmas is, “That night cheerful to spend forget everything themselves, fun and pleasure they give” called the following statements were given: “Pine trees embellishing the store display cases, They’re the most precious place in the corners of their homes. With each other congratulations. Followed by the Christmas holiday in a religious atmosphere, the introduction of the new year in a big frenzy, is celebrated in luxury and wasteful.Christian religion in the country resulting from these entertainments, Dec. 31, the highest level is reached. People are entranced almost çılgınlaşarak. Gambling, drinking, dancing parties are organized. As the origin of Christmas with a religious rite which, in Christian countries, unfortunately, the Muslim festival celebrated with festivities in the large square is transformed in our country. “
Gold at center of corruption, money laundering allegations hitting Turkish gov’t
MUSTAFA SÖNMEZ – mustafasnmz@hotmail.com
Gold has been the focus of corruption allegations that are hitting the Turkish government, as some of the suspects of the case are alleged of being involved in Turkey’s gold-for-gas trade with Iran and money laundering through gold deposits.
Corruption operations that topped Turkey’s agenda and caused ministers’ resignations are continuing with focus on gold.
The operations, encompassing three different investigations, including land planning frauds, the exploitation of public assets and else, but for now the most striking allegations that horrified the public are the ones including “gold,” briberies paid over it and minister’s sons accused of receiving those briberies…
Gold has become the main subject of “money laundering” claims since recognizing Turkey’s bullion gold trade’s boom since 2011. Turkey exported $1.5-billion worth of gold, while importing $6.2-billion gold in 2011, but the export explosion came in 2012 and reached $13.3 billion in one year. The country’s import was $7.6 billion that year. In 2013, import came to the forefront again and reached $13 billion. What was happening, why did gold trade burst?
Turkey could not pay for the natural gas it buys from Iran in foreign exchange due to U.S. sanctions on banks. So, how could it return the money? A way to bypass sanctions was found: Iran was going to be paid in Turkish Liras and then the country would use those liras to buy gold in Turkey, which would look like Turkey is exporting gold to Iran. Since there are not billions of dollars’ worth of gold bullion in Turkey, it needed to be imported from Switzerland. An intermediate station was also found to avoid the U.S.’ rage and that was the United Arab Emirates (UAE). A part of the gold looked like it was exported from Turkey to the UAE and was transferred to Iran’s accounts. In the same way, gold was imported from the UAE.
Overall, Turkey’s gold exports within the past four years, between 2010 and 2013, have amounted to $27 billion and
its imports have appeared to be $18 billion. Some $8 billion of the exports seem to be exported to Iran, while exports to the UAE also constitutes $6 billion, which can also be regarded as going to Iran.
Therefore, $15 billion of
Iranian natural gas was paid for in this way. Most of this gold was procured by Switzerland, while a small part has been brought by Dubai.
Many argued this payment system’s being recorded as “export,” caused export figures to falsely rise; the country’s current account deficit looks smaller than it actually is and national income is exaggerated. Moreover, some analysts also warned the transfer method may cause headaches for Halkbank and others involved in the scheme.
Question and answer
I dealt with this subject in about 10 of my columns in 2012. The Republican People’s Party (CHP) Istanbul deputy Umut Oran filed a parliamentary question in July 2012 referring to my column to ask Deputy Prime Minister Ali Babacan about the issue.
Babacan sought to clear the issue on November 2012 with this answer; “We put the money for Iranian gas into Iran’s bank account in Turkey in liras. However, it is impossible for Iran to bring that money to its country in the dollar because of international restrictions and U.S. sanctions. Therefore, Iran withdraws that money from its account and buys gold from the market to bring it back. I don’t how it does so, but this is how it works.”
The claims are saying Reza Zarrab and his team were one of the mediators that used to do what Babacan said he didn’t know and they were earning a great amount of money.
Gold deposits
According to claims, Zarrab needed some convenience support in the transaction of transferring the gold bullion with planes and couriers. Mediator bank Halkbank’s General Manager Süleymen Arslan, Economy Minister Zafer Çağlayan and his son, Interior Minister Muammer Güler and his son and EU Minister Egemen Bağış are claimed to be the ones helping him with citizenship, residence and business permits in return for bribery.
The Turkish banks’ gold deposit practices, which are presented with an innocent reason of inclusion of under-the-pillow gold into market through economy management, have also been regarded as being a part of these money laundering claims.
It was said there were approximately 5,000 tons of gold with a value of $300 billion under pillows and they were aimed to be drawn to recoded finance.
Banks were allowed to keep 30 percent of the reserves they have to allocate for the Central Bank in gold, which was alluring for them.
However, the risk of this gold to be brought by citizens to be used for money laundering wasn’t taken care of much and banks kicked-off the gold rush.
The Total value of gold deposits was almost 2 billion liras in 2010 reached 21.8 billion liras by of the end of October. This means more than a 990 percent increase! Three years ago, only 0.3 percent of the bank deposits were in gold, but in October the ratio was 2.5 percent.
Not only ordinary people, many companies engaged in the gold business and foreign investors are among the banks’ gold deposit customers. Gold accounts are usually non-interest accounts. The gold owner opens an account and the bank sends the gold jewelry to a refinery to transform it into gold bars, which can be withdrawn by the customer if they want. The refining cost is paid by the banks, but it earns commission. What is the Central Bank’s benefit here? This way, its reserves swell so $21 billion of foreign exchange reserves that looked like $135 billion in November was gold at hand. Many international money launderers, like Zarrab, are claimed to be using these gold deposit accounts. Some mind-blowing numbers, like 85 billion euros, are voiced for the amount of laundered money and banks other than Halkbank are accused of being involved as well.
FATF
The Financial Action Task Force (FATF) describes Turkey as one of the countries that have flaws in its fight against Money Laundering Legislation, along with Indonesia, Pakistan, Syria, Yemen Ethiopia, Ecuador and Nigeria.
Is it possible the government’s attempts to control the probe through changing investigation officials and regulation amendments to push Turkey from the gray zone to the black zone on the OECD level? Would Turkish banks face international blockage? It was clear that such a measure would create a great hole in a Turkish economy that is dependent on foreign capital inflow. Claims of Turkey’s financing and supporting al-Qaida-like organizations in Syria could be added and the Justice and Development (AKP) leadership could face serious accusations. It wasn’t coincidence the U.S. Treasury Undersecretary David Cohen met with banks in Istanbul and discuss Halkbank.
December/28/2013
Searching for 1915: Newspaper coverage of the Armenian Genocide
By Alan Whitehorn, from The Armenian Weekly
As we approach the 100th memorial year of the Armenian Genocide of 1915, there is increasing global interest and attention to what happened to so many Armenians. There is also a desire to discover how much the world knew at that time. Armenians and non-Armenians alike are seeking to better understand the complex events of a century ago. The daily accounts from the leading foreign press at the time—such as the New York Times, the London Times, the Manchester Guardian, the Toronto Globe, and the Sydney Morning Herald—can give insight into how the phases of the genocide unfolded and how the world tried to describe the horrific sequence of events. This was a substantial challenge, as it was before the term “genocide” had been created to define the indescribable.
In teaching my university courses on comparative studies of genocide, I have often asked students to study the headlines from 1915. In so doing, they can better learn how the world began to know about such events, struggled to comprehend such horrific deeds, and searched for the words to describe such nightmarish scenes.
Of course, such original archival research of old newspapers can be daunting in terms of travel, time, access, and even technology. I know this first-hand. As a young professor in the 1980’s, I spent many hours reading the old Toronto Globe for the year 1915. I studied column after column and page after page of the daily newspaper coverage for the entire year of 1915. I peered at the articles on a microfilm reader. Systematically, I was searching for articles relating to the plight of the Armenians in the Ottoman Empire for that fateful year. I took careful notes and made photocopies of the most important articles. It was an important learning experience for me as an Armenian-Canadian. It also turned out to be a pivotal moment. From that point on, I would start to write about the Armenian Genocide—even more so when confronted by the troubling, ongoing denials by the Turkish government.
Fortunately for my students and I, the pioneering work has been done by others. This means that our task today of scanning the headlines and reading full newspaper accounts are easier, the sources more accessible.
The most innovative and path-breaking work on newspaper coverage of the genocide was conducted by Richard Kloian in his 1980 monumental book, The Armenian Genocide: News Accounts From the American Press (1915-1922). Working for many years to gather diverse material and employing far less advanced technology, Kloian surveyed the American press for the key seven-year period. He focused on coverage in the New York Times, Current History, Saturday Evening Post, and the Missionary Review of the World. The volume he delivered at nearly 400 pages was epic and pioneering. It not only included a vast comprehensive account, but also a very useful five-page chronological table listing the main headlines.
The New York Times alone accounted for over 120 articles in 1915 on the terrible plight of the Armenians in the Ottoman Empire. This extensive coverage underlined the considerable interest by both the press and the public, and helped ensure that substantial information was available. It also revealed that there had been key and unprecedented extensive access to important and timely information, often from confidential U.S. government sources and missionary accounts. Kloian’s book has undergone a number of editions and printings and is still available. It is an essential reference work for anyone doing sustained research on the Armenian Genocide. I continue to use different editions of the book both for research and teaching.
A few years after Kloian’s influential book appeared, the Armenian National Committee (ANC) in both Australia and Canada sought to produce similar edited volumes for their respective countries. In 1983, the Australian ANC printed The Armenian Genocide as Reported in the Australian Press, a volume of just over 100 pages. It included newspaper articles from the Age, the Daily Telegraph, Sydney Morning Herald, and World’s News. The text was supplemented with a number of powerful photographs. A revised edition is in progress.
In that same decade, the Canadian ANC printed the bilingual two-volume set Le Genocide Armenien Dans La Presse Canadienne/The Armenian Genocide in the Canadian Press, providing about 280 pages of documents. Accounts were taken from various newspapers such as the French-language Le Droit, La Presse, Le Devoir, L’Action Catholique, and Le Canada, and the English-language Vancouver Daily Province, Toronto Daily Star, Montreal Daily Star, the Gazette, the Toronto Globe, Manitoba Free Press, Ottawa Evening Journal, London Free Press, and the Halifax Herald.
A decade and half later in 2000, Katia Peltekian in Halifax, Nova Scotia, edited the 350-page book Heralding of the Armenian Genocide: Reports in the Halifax Herald, 1894-1922. This volume covered the Hamidian massacres of the 1890’s, the Adana massacres in 1909, and the Armenian Genocide during World War I and after.
With great determination and skill, Peltekian has now followed up her earlier Canadian volume with a new 1,000 page two-volume set titled, The Times of the Armenian Genocide: Reports in the British Press. This collection covers the period 1914-23 and includes hundreds of entries from both the Times and the Manchester Guardian. As with earlier volumes, it contains an exceedingly useful multi-page chronological summary of the headlines. This overview table, along with selected excerpts, proves quite useful in the classroom setting.
For those wishing to have a scholarly annotated account of the press coverage, Anne Elbrecht published Telling the Story: The Armenian Genocide in the New York Times and Missionary Herald: 1914-1918. Her book, a former MA thesis, was printed by Gomidas Press and offers a chronological comparison of the press coverage in the New York Times and the Missionary Herald. It is a highly readable volume.
Vahe Kateb’s MA thesis, “Australian Press Coverage of the Armenian Genocide: 1915-1923,” analyzes the press coverage in Australia and explores a number of key genocide-related themes in the Victoria-based the Age and the Argus, Queensland’s the Mercury, and in New South Wales’ the Sydney Morning Herald. Kateb’s thesis is a valuable analytical study that should be more widely distributed and published as a book.
As we approach 2015, at least one major new project is underway to comprehensively collate international press coverage on the Armenian Genocide. Rev. Vahan Ohanian, vicar general of the Mekhitarist Order at San Lazzaro in Venice, is coordinating a multi-volume project that will cover the Hamidian and Adana massacres and the 1915 genocide. Several prominent genocide scholars will pen the introductions to the different volumes. This project, along with the earlier volumes, are essential in assisting the world to be more informed about the Armenian Genocide. Accordingly, it would be helpful if university libraries and Armenian community centers and schools acquired these volumes. They will help us to remember 1915 and prepare for the historic memorial year of 2015.
Armenian prodigy becomes world chess champion
Report: Prominent Turkish businessmen among arrest list in second corruption probe including Saudi businessman Yasin al-Qadi,
The second graft probe, reported to be larger than the first, which has shaken the government, was made public with great controversy after the head prosecutor of the case announced the investigation files were “taken from his hands.” CİHAN photo
Prominent businessmen were among the 41 suspects who were issued arrest orders in the second corruption probe, daily Hürriyet reported Dec. 27.
The list of names contained in the official prosecution documents obtained by the daily included Nihat Özdemir, the chairman of Limak group, who is part of a consortium which has won the contract to build Istanbul’s third airport, Saudi businessman Yasin al-Qadi, who has been accused of financing terrorism in the past and the owner of the BIM discount retailer, Mustafa Latif Topbaş.
The second graft probe, reported to be larger than the first one that has shaken the government, was made public with great controversy after the head prosecutor of the case announced the investigation files were “taken from his hands.”
Muammer Akkaş said in a statement Dec. 26 the arrest orders he made as part of the investigation were not carried out, despite having been conveyed to the police department.
The documents published by Hürriyet charged the suspects of “founding a criminal organization,” “bribery and influence peddling,” “tender fraud,” “forgery in official documents,” “clearing assets acquired through criminal activity” and “threats.”
Other names on the list included the executives of two other construction companies that are part of the joint venture which won Istanbul’s third airport tender, along with Limak: Orhan Cemal Kalyoncu and Ömer Faruk Kalyoncu board chairman and deputy chairman of Kalyon respectively as well as the board member of Kolin, Celal Koloğlu. The multifaceted businessman Abdullah Tivnikli, who is the partner of the Batı Hattı A.Ş., a company which holds Gazprom deals, and Abdullah Kavukçu, partner of Simit Sarayı, a popular chain of simit cafes, are also in the list.
Koloğlu rejected the accusations following the publication of the documents, telling Hürriyet he had no links with the charges directed at him. In the same vein, Kavukçu told Hürriyet the accusations were the result of the strength of their brand, adding he was ready to testify if summoned.
Four ministers were implicated in the graft probe that has rocked Turkey since last week.
The sons of former Interior Minister Muammer Güler and former Economy Minister Zafer Çağlayan, who handed over their portfolios Dec. 26 after resigning, were among the 24 people who have been formally arrested under the corruption investigation.
The removal of the prosecutor from the second investigation stirred a huge outcry, especially among the opposition, but also inside the ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP). Three AKP deputies resigned from the party on Dec. 27, criticizing its stance over the graft allegations.
December/27/2013
Report: Al-Qaeda Yusuf Al Qadi and Osama Khoutub, suspects flee after Turkish gov’t blocks raid
The İstanbul Chief Public Prosecutor’s Office ordered the detention of 30 suspects, including a number of deputies and businessmen. The İstanbul Police Department, which saw an extensive purge of its top officers over the last week, has not complied with the order, however.
News reports suggest that when the list of 30 suspects leaked to media on Wednesday, some of the suspects took precautionary measures to avoid incriminating themselves in the case of a police raid on their homes or offices.
And some suspects fled Turkey, including al-Qaeda Turkey operatives Al Qadi and Khoutub, after government blocked the investigation through newly appointed police chiefs who refused to comply with court decision.
Prosecutor Muammer Akkaş, who was leading the second round of the probe, was removed from the case. “All my colleagues and the public should know that as a public prosecutor I was prevented from carrying out the investigation,” the prosecutor said in a statement on Thursday, adding that pressure had clearly been placed on the judiciary both from the Public Prosecutor’s Office and the police, allowing an opportunity for suspects to destroy the evidence.
Akkaş said although he issued detention and search warrants for the suspects and relayed these to the İstanbul Police Department on Wednesday morning, the police department had not complied with his orders.
“By not implementing the court decisions, police chiefs committed a crime. An opportunity was given to suspects to take measures, escape or mitigate the evidence,” he said.
Saudi businessman Al Qadi’s assests were frozen in Turkey after he was named a financer of terrorism in the international community. News reports point out that the al-Qaeda suspect is allowed to enter Turkey freely and has access to high-level diplomats and security officials, including Undersecretary of the National Intelligence Organization (MİT) Hakan Fidan.
According to claims, former Justice Minister Sadullah Ergin, who left his post on Wednesday in a major Cabinet reshuffle, asked the İstanbul Chief Public Prosecutor to close the case.
Source: TODAY’S ZAMAN, İSTANBUL
Turkish colonel retrial in Dink murder case adjourned
December 27, 2013 – 15:37 AMT
The retrial of Colonel Ali Oz, accused of neglect of duty in failing to prevent the assassination of Hrant Dink, resumed on Thursday, Dec 26 in Trabzon, but the court immediately adjourned the hearing for technical reasons, World Bulletin reports.
Turkish–Armenian journalist Hrant Dink was killed in January 2007 by Ogun Samast, an ultranationalist, who claimed that Dink ‘insulted Turkishness’. Dink, the editor-in-chief of Agos newspaper at that time, was a strong critic of Turkey’s denial of the Armenian Genocide and was considered as one of Turkey’s most prominent Armenian voices.
Dink’s killer, Samast, was jailed for 22 years in 2011. However, police investigations following his capture revealed a possible link to an ultra-nationalist organization.
The lawsuit against Gendarmerie Commander of Turkey’s Trabzon province, Colonel Ali Oz, started after the revelation of intelligence indicating that preparations for the murder had started almost a year before the murder. Oz is accused for not informing authorities regarding the received intelligence about the murder, and for forging documents to make it seem like the intelligence had been obtained after the murder. Seven other soldiers under Oz’s command are also facing prison sentences.
Oz was charged a second time by a different court, but the second case was rejected since there cannot be two different cases for the same crime.
In the first case, Colonel Oz and 5 other soldiers under his command were sentenced to jail for 4 to 6 months. This decision was sent to the High Court for examination, and the appeal remains unfinished. Thursday’s hearing was postponed until the High Court’s examination concludes.
Switzerland Must Appeal European Court’s Verdict on the Armenian Genocide
BY HARUT SASSOUNIAN
The European Court of Human Rights issued last week a critical Armenian Genocide-related ruling in the case of Dogu Perincek vs. Switzerland.
Perincek, the leader of a minor Turkish political party, had traveled to Switzerland in 2005 with the intention of daring the Swiss authorities to punish him for denying the Armenian Genocide. He brazenly called the Armenian Genocide an “international lie.”
In response to a criminal complaint filed by the Switzerland-Armenia Association, Perincek was tried and fined for racial discrimination by the Lausanne Police Court in March 2007. A Swiss Appeals Court confirmed his sentence, ruling that he had violated Article 261bis of the Criminal Code. The National Council (parliament) of Switzerland had already recognized the Armenian Genocide in 2003. Perincek then appealed his case to the Federal Tribunal, the highest court in Switzerland, which reconfirmed his sentence.
On June 10, 2008, Perincek appealed his sentence to the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg, claiming that many of his rights, including freedom of expression, were violated by the Swiss courts. He demanded a compensation of 140,000 euros for moral and financial damages, and court expenses.
On Dec. 17, 2013, the European Court dismissed most of Perincek’s claims (Articles 6, 7, 14, 17, 18 of the European Convention) and rejected his demand for compensation. However, five out of the seven Judges ruled that Switzerland had violated Perincek’s right to free expression (Article 10).
This was a highly unusual ruling since freedom of expression is not an absolute right in European jurisprudence. Many European states impose restrictions on free speech, including imprisonment for denying the Holocaust. Punishing Holocaust denial, while condoning rejection of the Armenian Genocide, is an unacceptable double standard. Either denial of both genocides should be outlawed or neither.
The European Court’s 80-page ruling was not easy to read, not only because it was in French, but more importantly, the five Judges who ruled in Perincek’s favor misinterpreted almost all issues. A whole book could be written to rebut their countless factual mistakes. The Judges misrepresented Perincek’s allegations, Swiss laws and court rulings, facts of the Armenian Genocide and its international recognition, while repeatedly contradicting themselves. To make matters worse, the four-page press release issued by the Registrar of the Court last week further distorted the Court’s verdict, thereby completely confusing the international media about the details of case.
The five Judges who endorsed Perincek’s false accusations were: Guido Raimondi (Italy), Peer Lorenzen (Denmark), Dragoljub Popovic (Serbia), Andras Sajo (Hungary), and Helen Keller (Switzerland). The opposing Judges were: Nebojsa Vucinic (Montenegro) and Paulo Pinto de Albuquerque (Portugal). In a seven-page addendum to the verdict, Judges Raimondi and Sajo contradicted themselves again, while making excuses for ruling in Perincek’s favor. Having raised questions about the veracity of “the Armenian massacres,” after claiming that their task is not to assess the facts of the genocide, the two concurring Judges assert that the destruction of the Armenian people was government-sponsored, thereby acknowledging its genocidal nature. Yet they insisted on referring to the Armenian Genocide as “Mets Yegherrn” (sic) which they translate as “the Grand Crime.” Dissenting Judges Vucinic and Pinto de Albuquerque, on the other hand, attached to the verdict their 19-page well-researched comprehensive report on the Armenian Genocide. This valuable study should be translated into several major languages and disseminated worldwide.
More urgently, Armenian government officials and major diaspora organizations have asked the Swiss government to appeal the European Court’s fallacious verdict to its 17-judge Grand Chamber before the 90-day deadline. Armenia’s Diaspora Minister Hranush Hakobyan has called on Armenians worldwide to protest the Court’s verdict by contacting their governments and sending letters of complaint to the Court. The Armenian National Committee in Europe pledged to take all necessary measures to object to the Court’s ruling, urging Switzerland to file an appeal.
If left unchallenged, the European Court’s ruling would have a chilling effect not only on efforts to criminalize denial of the Armenian Genocide in other European countries, particularly France, but more importantly, on the forthcoming Centennial of the Genocide. The Court’s verdict, as it stands, is an endorsement of the denialist stance of both Turkey and Perincek, who is currently serving a life sentence in a Turkish jail for engaging in criminal activity! Turkey had directly intervened in this case by submitting extensive testimony to the European Court. The Turkish Foreign Ministry issued a bold statement shamelessly applauding the Court’s verdict and boasting about its support for freedom of expression! Under Article 301 of Turkish Penal Code, telling the truth about the Armenian Genocide is a crime, while in Switzerland lying about the Genocide is an offense!
For the sake of truth and justice, it is imperative that the Swiss government appeal the Court’s verdict and not succumb to Turkish political and economic pressures.
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